Sociology

community : Thinkers   who talks about the concept of community : F Tonnies(geminshaft and gesellshaft ) both are german terms geminshaft means community and gesellshaft means association , former one is characteristics  of simple or primitive societies while the latter one is characteristics of modern societies  Durkheim (mechanical and organic solidarity ) Louis wirth Robert Redfield Macaiver  Definition of community : according to duncan mitchell: community association of people  interdependence   governing body ex: village  characteristics of a community: Group of people Definite locality Community sentiments and we feeling Cultural similarity Organized interaction Permanence Likeness  Association is different from community in following aspects : Artificial  Involuntary Temporary Impersonal  Laws  Formal

social structure : ordered arrangement of  parts or components  parts of social structure : social institutions, groups , norms, values , folkways , mores , association etc. social structure is abstract (which we cant see in physical tangible form ) social structure is a macro level concept(society as a whole) basic  social institutions includes: family, education, marriage , political system, religion  word structure was first used by "spencer" in his book "first principle" karl marx :metaphor when he speaks about economic structure (for marx economy is vital component of the society) social structure book by : george p. murdock (1949) in this book murdock talks about kinship  elements of social structure: normative system : ideas and values  position system :status and role sanction system: reward  and punishment  anticipated response system: expectation and motivation  social structure and social organization: f...